{"id":15829,"date":"2025-03-10T09:30:32","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T09:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/?p=15829"},"modified":"2025-03-10T10:04:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-10T10:04:18","slug":"foundation-construction-methods-of-pipe-pile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/foundation-construction-methods-of-pipe-pile\/","title":{"rendered":"Boru Kaz\u0131k Temel Yap\u0131m Y\u00f6ntemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 temel in\u015faat\u0131, in\u015faat projesinin ilk halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Binan\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgilidir. Bu makalede, kaz\u0131k temelin temel bilgileri, \u00f6ngerilmeli boru kaz\u0131klar\u0131n yap\u0131m y\u00f6ntemi, kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma ekipman\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131, kaz\u0131k yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler ve \u00f6ngerilmeli boru kaz\u0131klar\u0131n kalite kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn kilit noktalar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"kaz\u0131k<\/a>
kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma i\u015flemi tamamland\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 Temel Temel Bilgisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 temelin tan\u0131m\u0131 ve bile\u015fimi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 temel, derin temelin en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan \u015feklidir ve esas olarak topra\u011fa g\u00f6m\u00fclen kaz\u0131klardan ve kaz\u0131klar\u0131n tepesine ba\u011flanan kapaklardan veya ba\u015fl\u0131k kiri\u015flerinden olu\u015fur. \u0130\u015flevi, \u00fcst binan\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesine sahip derin toprak katman\u0131na aktarmak veya temel topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesini ve yo\u011funlu\u011funu iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yumu\u015fak toprak katman\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131klar\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131klar, kuvvet ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re u\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 kaz\u0131klar ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kaz\u0131klar\u0131 olarak ikiye ayr\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 kaz\u0131klar sert toprak katmanlar\u0131na veya kaya katmanlar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in yumu\u015fak toprak katmanlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er ve \u00fcst yap\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc esas olarak kaya katman\u0131n\u0131n direnci taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r; s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme kaz\u0131klar\u0131 tamamen yumu\u015fak toprak katmanlar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir ve ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesi topra\u011f\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla iyile\u015ftirilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130n\u015faat y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re, prekast kaz\u0131klar ve yerinde d\u00f6kme kaz\u0131klar olarak ikiye ayr\u0131labilirler. Prekast kaz\u0131klar aras\u0131nda \u00e7akma kaz\u0131klar, su tahrikli kaz\u0131klar, titre\u015fim tahrikli kaz\u0131klar ve statik bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 kaz\u0131klar bulunurken, yerinde d\u00f6kme kaz\u0131klar aras\u0131nda fore kaz\u0131k ve kaz\u0131 kaz\u0131k yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Kimden: ASCE LBRARY<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ngerilmeli Boru Kaz\u0131klar\u0131n Yap\u0131m Y\u00f6ntemi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Boru kaz\u0131klar\u0131n uygulama kapsam\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ngerilmeli y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 beton boru kaz\u0131klar (PHC) . <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ngerilmeli beton boru kaz\u0131klar (PC) end\u00fcstriyel ve sivil binalar\u0131n temeli i\u00e7in uygundur ve ayr\u0131ca demiryollar\u0131, otoyollar ve k\u00f6pr\u00fcler, limanlar, su koruma, belediye m\u00fchendisli\u011fi ve di\u011fer projelerin temel tasar\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ngerilmeli beton ince duvarl\u0131 boru kaz\u0131klar (PTC) end\u00fcstriyel ve sivil binalar\u0131n temeli i\u00e7in uygundur, ancak sismik g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme yo\u011funlu\u011fu 7 dereceden fazla olan alanlar\u0131n ayr\u0131ca do\u011frulanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ana \u0130n\u015faat Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Boru kaz\u0131k temelinin in\u015faat y\u00f6ntemleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7eki\u00e7leme, statik bas\u0131n\u00e7, delik s\u00fcrme (presleme), delme ve kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma ve merkezi kaz\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7eki\u00e7leme y\u00f6nteminde dizel \u00e7eki\u00e7 veya hidrolik \u00e7eki\u00e7, statik bas\u0131n\u00e7 y\u00f6nteminde ise s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 hidrolik kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131 gibi ekipmanlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"as\u0131l\u0131
as\u0131l\u0131 kaz\u0131k yerle\u015fimi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k \u00c7akma Ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n Se\u00e7imi ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hav ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve yast\u0131\u011f\u0131n ayarlanmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeterli mukavemete, sertli\u011fe ve darbeye kar\u015f\u0131 dirence sahip olmal\u0131 ve silindirik bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kaz\u0131k ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan silindirin derinli\u011fi 350 ila 400 mm olmal\u0131 ve i\u00e7 \u00e7ap\u0131 boru kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f \u00e7ap\u0131ndan 20 ila 30 mm daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131l\u0131rken, kaz\u0131k ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile kaz\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131na elastik bir ped yerle\u015ftirilmelidir. Pedin kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmal\u0131 ve \u00e7eki\u00e7leme ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sonras\u0131 kal\u0131nl\u0131k 120 mm'den az olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131 ve ped ayar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131 silindirik bir \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131 ve yeterli mukavemete, sertli\u011fe ve \u00e7arpmaya kar\u015f\u0131 dirence sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu, kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma konsantrasyonunun gereksinimlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131 ve \u00fcst ve alt u\u00e7 y\u00fczeyleri d\u00fcz ve kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n merkezi eksenine dik olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n alt u\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fc, kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7 bo\u015flu\u011funu d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya ile birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k \u00c7akma i\u00e7in \u00d6nlemler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k \u00e7eki\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131c\u0131, kaz\u0131k kafas\u0131na tamamen yerle\u015ftirilmeden ve gerekli t\u00fcm haz\u0131rl\u0131klar ve denetimler tamamlanmadan \u00f6nce \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kaz\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kaz\u0131k \u00e7ekici, kaz\u0131k \u00e7er\u00e7evesi k\u0131lavuz ray\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndayken veya altl\u0131k \u00fczerinde park halindeyken \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Eksantrik kaz\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, kaz\u0131k eksen \u00e7izgisi ile kaz\u0131k merkez \u00e7izgisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yak\u0131n olmal\u0131 ve kaz\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fit \u015fekilde gerilmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130n\u015faat sahas\u0131ndaki toprak kalitesinin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7eki\u00e7leri kovalama olgusundan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in in\u015faat sahas\u0131ndaki toprak kalitesini anlamak gerekir. Kendili\u011finden batan kaz\u0131k teslimat\u0131ndan sonra, di\u015fli konstr\u00fcksiyonuna girmek i\u00e7in acele etmeyin. \u00dcst piston, ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 kancas\u0131 ile belirli bir y\u00fcksekli\u011fe kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece serbest\u00e7e d\u00fc\u015febilir ve kendi a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile n\u00f6tr olarak vurabilir ve i\u015flem tekrarlan\u0131r. Daha sonra kaz\u0131\u011f\u0131n topra\u011fa n\u00fcfuzunu g\u00f6zlemleyin. Penetrasyon 1,7 m'den az oldu\u011funda, di\u015fli devreye al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"kaz\u0131k<\/a>
kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma dizel hamemr kullan\u0131n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ngerilmeli Kaz\u0131klar\u0131n Kalite Kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn Kilit Noktalar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0130n\u015faat \u00f6ncesi kalite kontrol<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bitmi\u015f kaz\u0131klar, se\u00e7ilen standart \u00e7izim veya tasar\u0131m \u00e7izimine g\u00f6re g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kalitesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan denetlenmelidir. Al\u0131n birle\u015ftirme kaz\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in kaynak \u00e7ubuklar\u0131n\u0131n, kaz\u0131k batmas\u0131n\u0131n ve di\u011fer malzeme ve ekipmanlar\u0131n muayenesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130n\u015faat S\u0131ras\u0131nda Kalite Kontrol<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7akma derinli\u011fi (statik bas\u0131n\u00e7), durdurma \u00e7ekicinin kontrol standard\u0131 (kaz\u0131k batma direnci) ve kaz\u0131k g\u00f6vdesinin (\u00e7er\u00e7eve) dikeyli\u011fi. Kaz\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kalitesi, kaz\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n aral\u0131k s\u00fcresi ve kaz\u0131k tepesinin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. Metre penetrasyon ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7eki\u00e7 darbesi say\u0131s\u0131 (kaz\u0131k batma direnci), son 1 m'deki \u00e7eki\u00e7 darbesi say\u0131s\u0131 (kaz\u0131k batma dinamik direnci), son \u00fc\u00e7 dizinin penetrasyonu ve kaz\u0131k ucu y\u00fcksekli\u011fi vb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130n\u015faat Sonras\u0131 Kalite Kontrol<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131k deli\u011fi ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131 ile kaz\u0131k batt\u0131ktan sonra kaz\u0131k g\u00f6vdesinin kalitesini ve kaynak kalitesini inceleyin. Kaz\u0131k konum sapmas\u0131, kaz\u0131k \u00fcst y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, penetrasyon, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gerinim dinamik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, statik y\u00fck testi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"beton
beton kaz\u0131klar i\u00e7in derin temel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6zet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 temel in\u015faat\u0131n\u0131n kalitesi, binan\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir. Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 temel in\u015faat\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n iyi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin: do\u011fru kaz\u0131k tipinin ve kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma ekipman\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi vb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

JUWEI a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerin \u00fcretiminde uzmand\u0131r Kaz\u0131k \u00c7akma Ekipmanlar\u0131<\/a>. JUWEI Uzmanlar\u0131yla \u0130leti\u015fime Ge\u00e7in<\/a> kaz\u0131k \u00e7akma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referanslar<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bauer Group Teknik K\u0131lavuzu<\/a><\/em>: Geli\u015fmi\u015f Kaz\u0131k Ekipmanlar\u0131 \u00d6zellikleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kaz\u0131kl\u0131 temel in\u015faat\u0131, in\u015faat projesinin ilk halkas\u0131d\u0131r. Binan\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgilidir...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15843,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Foundation Construction Methods of Pipe Pile","_seopress_titles_desc":"Pile foundation construction is the first link in the construction project. It is related to the stability and safety of the building.","_seopress_robots_index":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15829"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15846,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15829\/revisions\/15846"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.juweihammer.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}